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Gardiner C, Weakley J, Burke LM, et al. (2023). The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 69, 101764. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36870101/
Shih YH, Wu HC, Pan WH, Chang HY. (2022). The Association Between Frequent Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Sleep Duration in School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. Frontiers in Nutrition. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35369050/
Tani M, Hirayama A, Torimoto K, Matsushita C, Yamada A, Fujimoto K. (2014). Guidance on water intake effectively improves urinary frequency in patients with nocturia. International Journal of Urology, 21(6), 595-600. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24405404/
CFU 是 colony-forming units 的縮寫,常譯為菌落形成單位。它比微生物總重量更能反映產品中的活菌數,但「有多少活菌」和「對某個人、某種需求有沒有已知效益」是兩個問題。想像做一鍋湯,材料的份量會影響成品,卻不能只看鍋裡放了多少食材,就判定味道、營養與適不適合某個人。益生菌的菌數也是如此,還要搭配菌株、研究劑量、產品配方和保存狀況。
McFarland LV, Evans CT, Goldstein EJC. (2018). Strain-Specificity and Disease-Specificity of Probiotic Efficacy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 5, 124. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29868585/