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CFU 是 colony-forming units 的縮寫,常譯為菌落形成單位。它比微生物總重量更能反映產品中的活菌數,但「有多少活菌」和「對某個人、某種需求有沒有已知效益」是兩個問題。想像做一鍋湯,材料的份量會影響成品,卻不能只看鍋裡放了多少食材,就判定味道、營養與適不適合某個人。益生菌的菌數也是如此,還要搭配菌株、研究劑量、產品配方和保存狀況。
McFarland LV, Evans CT, Goldstein EJC. (2018). Strain-Specificity and Disease-Specificity of Probiotic Efficacy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 5, 124. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29868585/